Texto: Levi Freire Jr.
Fotos: Arquivo pessoal Levi Freire Jr.
De acordo com meu estimado professor de História da Arte, Onofre ARCLEIDY Pereira, não há como falar desta obra sem mencionarmos o período helenístico, do grego pode ser traduzido como hellenizein – "falar grego", "viver como os gregos".
O Grupo Laocoonte é uma escultura em mármore e representa Laocoonte e os filhos Antiphantes e Thymbraeus que estão sendo estranguladas por duas serpentes marinhas. Para entender melhor leia A Ilíada que é um poema épico grego que narra acontecimentos da Guerra de Troia, a autoria do poema é atribuida a Homero.
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| Levi Freire Jr no Museu Pio-Clementino - Vaticano - Ao fundo Lacoonte e seus filhos |
De acordo com a lenda, Laocoonte era um sacerdote de Apolo que pressentiu o perigo que o cavalo de Tróia representava a cidade o mesmo alertou sobre os perigos de levar para dentro das muralhas. Por isto, Podeidon deus que favorecia os gregos, enviou duas serpentes para calar a voz de Laocoonte.
A escultura foi encontrada em 1506, nas vinhas do romano Felice de Fredi, na região das antigas termas de Tito. A escultura que é, provavelmente, do Século I a.c foi encontrada despedaçada em cinco partes. Imediatamente após a descoberta Michelangelo Buonarroti foi levado ao local e reconheceu a escultura como o grupo Laocoon, ao tomar conhecimento Júlio II comprou a estátua por 4.140 ducados, além disto, Felice de Fredi recebeu uma pensão vitalícia de 600 ducados, recebeu em seu túmulo uma referência de sua descoberta.
A escultura foi encontrada em 1506, nas vinhas do romano Felice de Fredi, na região das antigas termas de Tito. A escultura que é, provavelmente, do Século I a.c foi encontrada despedaçada em cinco partes. Imediatamente após a descoberta Michelangelo Buonarroti foi levado ao local e reconheceu a escultura como o grupo Laocoon, ao tomar conhecimento Júlio II comprou a estátua por 4.140 ducados, além disto, Felice de Fredi recebeu uma pensão vitalícia de 600 ducados, recebeu em seu túmulo uma referência de sua descoberta.
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| Gravura reproduzindo o grupo de Laooconte com os acréscimos da sua primeira restauração, antes da descoberta do braço dobrado da figura principal e remoção das adições renascentistas. |
O grupo de Laocoonte estava incompleta pois faltava o braço direito da figura do próprio Laocoonte. Júlio II organizou uma competição informal onde os escultores pudessem propôr a sua solução para o problema. Foi escolhido a proposta que representava o braço esticado, e a estátua foi completada desta forma. Em 1957, o verdadeiro braço perdido de Laocoon foi descoberto num antiquário italiano e fora constatado que o braço estava dobrado sobre o ombro e nao esticado.
Napoleão Bonaparte após conquistar a Itália e levou o grupo de Laocoonte para o Museu do Louvre, em Paris, como espólio de guerra. A estátua acabou por ser devolvida ao Vaticano por iniciativa britânica, depois da queda de Bonaparte em 1816. Você encontrará o celebre Grupo de Laocoonte e seus filhos no Pátio Octogonal do Museu Pio- Clementino um dos museus do vaticano.
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| Conheça o Ibirapuera: http://umguiapelomundobylevifreirejr.blogspot.com.br/2013/09/parque-do-ibirapuera-sao-paulo-by-levi.html |
No Brasil, em São Paulo encontramos uma réplica desta obra que foi instalado no Parque do Ibirapuera sendo esculpido em bronze pela equipe de escultores, Professores e Aluno do Liceu de Artes e Ofício de São Paulo. Os moldes foram tirados de outra réplica que se encontra na Galeria Uffizi em Florença e trazidos para São Paulo. A obra de arte foi primeiramente instalada na Av. 9 de julho entre 1938 e 1945 e depois da inauguração do Parque do Ibirapuera, em 1954, levada para lá.
Vatican Museums - Laocoon and His Sons
Vatican Museums - Laocoon and His Sons
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| Levi Freire Jr. |
Who goes to Rome, going to the Vatican! Besides the audience with the Pope the visitor can not miss the opportunity to meet the Vatican Museums. One of the must-see attractions is the Laocoon and his sons.
According to my esteemed professor of art history, ARCLEIDY Onofre Pereira, there is no talk this work without mentioning the Hellenistic period, from the Greek can be translated as hellenizein - "speak Greek", "live like the Greeks." The Laocoon Group is a marble sculpture and represents Laocoon and his sons Antiphantes and Thymbraeus being strangled by two sea serpents. For better understanding read The Iliad is a Greek epic poem that recounts events of the Trojan War, the authorship of the poem is attributed to Homer.
According to legend, Laocoon was a priest of Apollo who foresaw the danger that the Trojan horse represented the city it warned about the dangers of lead into the walls. Therefore, Podeidon god who favored the Greeks, sent two serpents to silence the voice of Laocoon. The sculpture was found in 1506, in the vineyards of the Roman Felice de Fredi, the region of the ancient baths of Titus. The sculpture is probably the First century BC was found broken into five parts. Immediately after the discovery Michelangelo Buonarroti was taken to the site and recognized the sculpture as the Laocoon group, upon learning Julius II bought the statue for 4140 ducats, besides, Felice Fredi received a life pension of 600 ducats, at his grave received a reference of his discovery.
The group of Laocoon was incomplete because it lacked the right arm of the figure of Laocoon himself. Julius II organized an informal competition where sculptors could propose your solution to the problem. The proposal was chosen that represented the outstretched arm, and the statue was completed in this way. In 1957, the real missing arm of Laocoon was discovered in an antique Italian and found out that the arm was draped over the shoulder and not stretched. Napoleon Bonaparte after conquering Italy and led the group of Laocoon to the Louvre Museum in Paris as a spoil of war.
The statue was eventually returned to the Vatican by British initiative after the fall of Bonaparte in 1816. You'll find the celebrated group of Laocoon and his sons in the Octagonal Courtyard Museo Pio-Clementino of the Vatican museums. In Brazil, Sao Paulo found a replica of this work which was installed in the Ibirapuera Park was sculpted in bronze by the team of sculptors, Teachers and Students of the School of Arts and Ploy of São Paulo http://umguiapelomundobylevifreirejr.blogspot.com.br/2013/09/parque-do-ibirapuera-sao-paulo-by-levi.html. The molds were taken from another replica that is in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence and brought to Sao Paulo. The artwork was first installed on Av 9 July between 1938 and 1945 after the inauguration of the Ibirapuera Park, in 1954, taken there.
According to my esteemed professor of art history, ARCLEIDY Onofre Pereira, there is no talk this work without mentioning the Hellenistic period, from the Greek can be translated as hellenizein - "speak Greek", "live like the Greeks." The Laocoon Group is a marble sculpture and represents Laocoon and his sons Antiphantes and Thymbraeus being strangled by two sea serpents. For better understanding read The Iliad is a Greek epic poem that recounts events of the Trojan War, the authorship of the poem is attributed to Homer.
According to legend, Laocoon was a priest of Apollo who foresaw the danger that the Trojan horse represented the city it warned about the dangers of lead into the walls. Therefore, Podeidon god who favored the Greeks, sent two serpents to silence the voice of Laocoon. The sculpture was found in 1506, in the vineyards of the Roman Felice de Fredi, the region of the ancient baths of Titus. The sculpture is probably the First century BC was found broken into five parts. Immediately after the discovery Michelangelo Buonarroti was taken to the site and recognized the sculpture as the Laocoon group, upon learning Julius II bought the statue for 4140 ducats, besides, Felice Fredi received a life pension of 600 ducats, at his grave received a reference of his discovery.
The group of Laocoon was incomplete because it lacked the right arm of the figure of Laocoon himself. Julius II organized an informal competition where sculptors could propose your solution to the problem. The proposal was chosen that represented the outstretched arm, and the statue was completed in this way. In 1957, the real missing arm of Laocoon was discovered in an antique Italian and found out that the arm was draped over the shoulder and not stretched. Napoleon Bonaparte after conquering Italy and led the group of Laocoon to the Louvre Museum in Paris as a spoil of war.
The statue was eventually returned to the Vatican by British initiative after the fall of Bonaparte in 1816. You'll find the celebrated group of Laocoon and his sons in the Octagonal Courtyard Museo Pio-Clementino of the Vatican museums. In Brazil, Sao Paulo found a replica of this work which was installed in the Ibirapuera Park was sculpted in bronze by the team of sculptors, Teachers and Students of the School of Arts and Ploy of São Paulo http://umguiapelomundobylevifreirejr.blogspot.com.br/2013/09/parque-do-ibirapuera-sao-paulo-by-levi.html. The molds were taken from another replica that is in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence and brought to Sao Paulo. The artwork was first installed on Av 9 July between 1938 and 1945 after the inauguration of the Ibirapuera Park, in 1954, taken there.
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